The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald - 1018 Words

In the early 1920’2 there was a dream that everyone yearned to reach. A dream of wealth, prosperity, and fame. This dream became the sole focus of many generations, leading them down a path of corruption and self-destruction. In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, you witness the steady destruction of three individuals as they spend their lives pursuing the American dream. This dream has caused depression, adultery and even the death of the Great Gatsby himself. Jay Gatsby is easily the most apparent victim of the American dream. Gatsby was born into the lower class society and worked his way up the economic ladder with poverty trailing closely behind him. He fell in love with the lovely, Daisy Buchanan who, unfortunately, was a citizen of the upper class society. This love was forbidden, so Gatsby struggled to mold his life and persona to fit the expectations of the American dream. He had everything anyone could want. Wealth, prosperity, fame etc. G atsby bought a luxurious mansion across the bay from Daisy and Tom Buchanan’s house in hopes that she would stumble into one of his numerous, lavish parties and reunite with him. At the end of Daisy’s dock was a symbol. A bright, flashing, green light. This light represented the American dream. Gatsby looked up to and followed this light to become the perfect representation of the American dream. Gatsby had the wealth and prosperity, and all he needed was Daisy, to complete his idea of perfection.Show MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1393 Words   |  6 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald was the model of the American image in the nineteen twenties. He had wealth, fame, a beautiful wife, and an adorable daughter; all seemed perfect. Beneath the gilded faà §ade, however, was an author who struggled with domestic and physical difficulties that plagued his personal life and career throughout its short span. This author helped to launch the theme that is so p revalent in his work; the human instinct to yearn for more, into the forefront of American literature, where itRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1343 Words   |  6 PagesHonors English 10 Shugart 18 Decemeber 2014 The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald s 1925 novel The Great Gatsby is a tragic love story, a mystery, and a social commentary on American life. The Great Gatsby is about the lives of four wealthy characters observed by the narrator, Nick Carroway. Throughout the novel a mysterious man named Jay Gatsby throws immaculate parties every Saturday night in hope to impress his lost lover, Daisy Buchanan. Gatsby lives in a mansion on West Egg across from DaisyRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1155 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Gatsby The Jazz Age was an era where everything and anything seemed possible. It started with the beginning of a new age with America coming out of World War I as the most powerful nation in the world (Novel reflections on, 2007). As a result, the nation soon faced a culture-shock of material prosperity during the 1920’s. Also known as the â€Å"roaring twenties†, it was a time where life consisted of prodigality and extravagant parties. Writing based on his personal experiences, author F. ScottRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1166 Words   |  5 Pagesin the Haze F. Scott Fitzgerald lived in a time that was characterized by an unbelievable lack of substance. After the tragedy and horrors of WWI, people were focused on anything that they could that would distract from the emptiness that had swallowed them. Tangible greed tied with extreme materialism left many, by the end of this time period, disenchanted. The usage of the literary theories of both Biographical and Historical lenses provide a unique interpretation of the Great Gatsby centered aroundRead MoreThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald845 Words   |  3 PagesIn F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, colors represent a variety of symbols that relate back to the American Dream. The dream of being pure, innocent and perfect is frequently associated with the reality of corruption, violence, and affairs. Gatsby’s desire for achieving the American Dream is sought for through corruption (Schneider). The American Dream in the 1920s was perceived as a desire of w ealth and social standings. Social class is represented through the East Egg, the WestRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesrespecting and valuing Fitzgerald work in the twenty-first century? Fitzgerald had a hard time to profiting from his writing, but he was not successful after his first novel. There are three major point of this essay are: the background history of Fitzgerald life, the comparisons between Fitzgerald and the Gatsby from his number one book in America The Great Gatsby, and the Fitzgerald got influences of behind the writing and being a writer. From childhood to adulthood, Fitzgerald faced many good andRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald2099 Words   |  9 Pagesauthor to mirror his life in his book. In his previous novels F. Scott Fitzgerald drew from his life experiences. He said that his next novel, The Great Gatsby, would be different. He said, â€Å"In my new novel I’m thrown directly on purely creative work† (F. Scott Fitzgerald). He did not realize or did not want it to appear that he was taking his own story and intertwining it within his new novel. In The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, he imitates his lifestyle through the Buchanan family to demonstrateRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1607 Words   |  7 Pages The Great Gatsby is an American novel written in 1925 by F. Scott Fitzgerald. One of the themes of the book is the American Dream. The American Dream is an idea in which Americans believe through hard work they can achieve success and prosperity in the free world. In F. Scott Fitzgerald s novel, The Great Gatsby, the American Dream leads to popularity, extreme jealousy and false happiness. Jay Gatsby’s recent fortune and wealthiness helped him earn a high social position and become one of the mostRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1592 Words   |  7 PagesMcGowan English 11A, Period 4 9 January 2014 The Great Gatsby Individuals who approach life with an optimistic mindset generally have their goals established as their main priority. Driven by ambition, they are determined to fulfill their desires; without reluctance. These strong-minded individuals refuse to be influenced by negative reinforcements, and rely on hope in order to achieve their dreams. As a man of persistence, the wealthy Jay Gatsby continuously strives to reclaim the love of hisRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1646 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1920s witnessed the death of the American Dream, a message immortalized in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Initially, the American Dream represented the outcome of American ideals, that everyone has the freedom and opportunity to achieve their dreams provided they perform honest hard work. During the 1920s, the United States experienced massive economic prosperity making the American Dream seem alive and strong. However, in Fitzgerald’s eyes, the new Am erican culture build around that

The Value of a College Education Free Essays

The value of a college education In the 21st century depends on why the person Is attending In the first place. For some It’s a family tradition, their fathers, fathers went to college and so the tradition should continue. Which would make the the value In this case acceptance from ones family. We will write a custom essay sample on The Value of a College Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now Others have no Idea what they want out of life but hope college is the place to find it. For me college is a means to and end. It’s become the next logical step in my life because without it I can no longer move up in the Job field I’m currently in. The value college education is priceless. Of course most think of it as another bill but let’s not forget their s always a way to get around that like scholarships, tuition pay and financial aid. But what most don’t realize is that value of education is really the doors that open up or that piece of paper you studied and paid for. With a college education your possibilities are endless. The knowledge you gain will give you the upper hand in life, being employable for a Job with a future. Because after all no one wants to work In retail forever or any other dead end Job for that matter. More now than ever a college Is needed. The relationship between success and a College education becomes stronger every year. A higher level of education Is How to cite The Value of a College Education, Papers

Sources of Finance free essay sample

There are a number of ways of raising finance for a business. The type of finance chosen depends on the nature of the business. Large organisations are able to use a wider variety of finance sources than are smaller ones. Finance is not just needed when starting a new business, but you may be required to seek further finance even if you’re business is well established i-e further expansion, RD, new product launch . No matter what business you are in, you will always have to ensure your business is adequately financed; there are two major forms 1. Internal Finance 2. External Finance Internal Finance Internal finance is the finance that is raised from within the company. The businessman will have to either invest his own capital ‘owner s capital’ or retain profits they have earned . This is cost effective source of getting capital and very important part of every organization but has its own limitations . Therefore the business organizations have to use the other internal sources of finance in order to meet their needs . following are examples of internal sources of finance I. A tight credit control II. Delay payments to creditors III. Reduces inventory level External Finance There are different external sources from which businessmen can get finance, these can be; Banks, financial institutions, Capital markets, money lenders, producers, manufacturers, foreign financial institutions and agencies, etc. however in scope of raising funds depend upon the form of business organization. There are three types of financing in external sources I. Short term II. Medium term III. Long term Short-term financing: duration of repayment is less than one year Medium/Long term: during of repayment is more than one year Short term Finance: Money that is needed to finance activities that are usually going to last less than one year. Bank overdraft An overdraft is an agreement with a bank to allow the business to spend money it does not have; it is a form of a loan. Trade Credit This is a period of time given to a business to pay for goods that they have received. It is often 28 days but some businesses might not pay for 6 months and on some occasions even a year after they have received goods. Retained profit Profits from a business account can be used by the owners for their own personal use or can be used to put back into the business. Credit cards Using your own personal or business credit card. These usually have high interest rate. Owners capital The money may be the result of savings, money left to them by a relative in a will Medium term Finance: These may fall in either short or long term source of finance. Factoring Selling your credit loans to specialised companies who buy your credit at lower price releasing your money to you. Bank loans Short/Medium/Long term. Negotiable. Fixed period of lending, usually low interest rate. Leasing out A lease effectively means that the business is paying for the use of a product but do not own it. It is also called hiring. You may also lease out unwanted equipment to raise cash. Debentures A form of stock market loan for Ltd companies which is secured against your business assets. Failure to pay back loan on time will result in seizure of those assets by your creditor. Long term finance: Used for financing the setting up of new businesses and for expansion of existing businesses or new product launch. Share capital If you are a PLC (private/public) then you can raise shares by selling ownership of your business on the stock exchange. Asset sales These assets could be in the form of property, machinery, equipment, other companies or even logos of your own business. Venture capital Venture capitalists are groups of individuals or companies specifically set up to invest in developing companies. They may ask to be part of making certain decision of the business! Government, local authority or EU grants This could be the local authority, the national government or the European Union. These grants are often linked to incentives to firms to set up in areas that are in need of economic development. Workforce restructuring Moving employees into new posts or laying off employees who have been working less than 2 years. Question 2 ASSESS THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE DIFFRENT SOURCES Answer Implications of Sources of internal and external finance are as follows Implications of Sources of Internal Finance Personal savings: This is most often an option for small businesses where the owner has some savings available to use as they wish. Retained profit: This is profit already made that has been set aside to reinvest in the business. It could be used for new machinery, marketing and advertising, vehicles or a new IT system. Working capital: This is short-term money that is reserved for day-to-day expenses such as stationery, salaries, rent, bills and invoice payments. Sales of assets: There may be surplus fixed assets, such as buildings and machinery that could be sold to generate money for new areas. Decisions to sell items that are still used should be made carefully as it could affect capacity to deliver existing products and services. Implications of External Source of financing Shares: Limited companies could look to sell additional shares, to new or existing shareholders, in exchange for a return on their investment. Loans: There are debenture loans, with fixed or variable interest, which are usually secured against the asset being invested in, so the loan company will have a legal shared interest in the investment. This means that the company would not be able to sell the asset without the lender’s prior agreement. In addition the lender will take priority over the owners and shareholders if the business should fail and the cost will have to be repaid even if a loss is made. There are other types of loan for fixed amounts with fixed repayment schedules. These may be considered a little more flexible than debenture loans. Overdraft: A bank overdraft may be a good source of short-term finance to help a business flatten seasonal dips in cash-flow, which would not justify or need a long-term solution. The advantage here is that interest is calculated daily and an overdraft is therefore cheaper than a loan. Hire purchase: Hire purchase arrangements enable a firm to acquire an asset quickly without paying the full-price for it. The company will have exclusive use of the item for a set period of time and then have the option to either return it or buy it at a reduced price. This is often used to fund purchases of vehicles, machinery and printers. Credit from suppliers: Many invoices have payment terms of 30 days or longer. A company can take the maximum amount of time to pay and use the money in the interim period to finance other things. This method should be treated with caution to ensure that the invoice is still paid on time or else the firm might risk upsetting the supplier and jeopardise the future working relationship and terms of business. It should also be remembered that it’s not ‘found’ money but rather a careful balancing act of cash-flow. Grants: Grants are often available from councils and other Government bodies for specific issues. For example there may be a council priority to regenerate a particular area of a town and who are happy to help fund refurbishment of buildings. Alternatively there may be an organisation that specialises in helping young entrepreneurs to launch new businesses. Venture capital: This source is most often used in the early stages of developing a new business. There may be a huge risk of failure but the potential returns may also be big. This is a high risk source as the venture capitalist will be looking for a share in the firm’s equity and a strong return on their investment. However the significant experience these investors have in running businesses could prove valuable to the company. Factoring: This involves a company outsourcing its invoicing arrangements to an external organisation. It immediately allows the company to receive money based on the value of its outstanding invoices as well as to receive payment of future invoices more quickly. It works by the firm making a sale, sending the invoice to the customer, copying the invoice to the factoring company and the factoring company paying an agreed percentage of that invoice, usually 80% within 24 hours. There are fees involved to cover credit management, administration charges, and interest and credit protection charges. This must be weighed up against the benefit gained in maximising cash flow, a reduction in the time spent chasing payments and access to a more sophisticated credit control system. The downside is that customers may prefer to deal direct with the company selling the goods or services. Question 3 Evaluate appropriate sources of finance for a business project Answer Sources of finance required to start a business project are as follows for example setting up a fast food restaurant like ‘McDonalds’ would be first of all there would be initial capital required to rent a place as well as equipment’s for (cooking, heating, freezing and most of all a storage room) and then there would be additional capital required for furnishing and  buying furniture and hiring of staff and helpers as well as the delivery staff and the most important is the ingredients required for making the food For Example, if a person has initial Capital for $200,000 for franchising McDonald’s and The capital required to start up the McDonald’s franchise is $500,000 there are number of ways in which a person can finance the remaining amount for $300,000 which a re as follows

The Cask of Amontillado

Table of Contents Introduction Figurative/symbolic expressions Allegory Works Cited Introduction The ‘Cask of Amontillado’ is a literary classic story, which can pass as an ordinary narrative piece of literature to the average ordinary reader. To readers with a critical eye however, the figurative speech, and the hyperbole contained in the story cannot go unnoticed.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Cask of Amontillado specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Figurative/symbolic expressions Irony – Montresor, who is committed to punishing a perceived wrong, is also committed to carrying out a wrong without being punished for it. By his own admission, Montressor states that â€Å"a wrong is unredressed when retribution overtakes its redresser† (Poe 3). As such, Montressor states that he would punish the person who inflicted him with injuries, because to him, the wrongs committed against hi m were worthy of punishment. Ironically, though, Montresor states that he would be avenging insults with death, since he perceived that as the ultimate revenge. Unfortunately, Fortunato seems not to have suffered the pain of dying, as Montresor would have liked. Paradox – Montresor triggers a paradox by juxtaposing in the same sentence the phrase â€Å"punish with impunity,† two words that are ordinarily antithetical. As human nature would have it, people are often quicker to see weaknesses in other while ignoring their more apparent flaws. As such, Montresor finds his companion’s â€Å"transgression† worthy of the cruelest death, and believes that his cause is so right that he deserves to get away with it. Sarcasm – In human speech, very few styles of expression are as cruel as sarcasm. Although in this case Fortunato is ignorant of the sarcasm, Montresor is nevertheless invoking it when he says, â€Å"my dear Fortunato, you are luckily met†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Poe 3). It is as if Montresor, if he were understood for his true intentions, were saying, ‘It is your ill-luck that you have met me today’. It is often the cruelest hearts that fashion the most effective sarcasms: sarcasms so sharp-edged that they slice through their target audience’s ears without their ever getting to understand their full true meaning. The cruelty resident in Montresor’s dark mind is exhibited in his solitary musing: â€Å"I was so pleased to see him that I thought I never should have done wringing his hands† (Poe 3). Oxymoron – Montresor engages in oxymoronic speech by describing the attendant’s abandonment of their duties at his palazzo as â€Å"making merry in honor of the time† (Poe 4). This was in direct disregard for his instructions to them not to leave the house at all while he is away.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first pa per with 15% OFF Learn More Of course, there is the implication that he knew beforehand what they would do. By the attendants behaving just as he had anticipated, Montresor gets his perfect alibi. To protect themselves from the charge of absconding duty, they would swear that he had been on a journey and had not at all returned that whole day. Hyperbole – There is a sense of this in Fortunato’s statement that he drinks to â€Å"the buried that repose around us† (Poe 5). Dead bodies may be immobile but as to whether they are at rest, is a matter of conjecture. Allegory Poe’s tale can be interpreted as an allegory of the pain, death, and the senselessness of vengeance. To reflect all the three identified themes, Poe (knowingly or unknowingly) divided his story into three parts. In the first part, Monstresor is infuriated by what he perceives as an insult from Fortunato. As a result, he vows to inflict vengeance on Fortunato. This part of the story symbolizes people’s desire to avenge for the wrongs committed against them, and to inflict pain on the people who wrong them. As reflected in the conclusion of Poe’s tale, while inflicting pain on a person may seem like the perfect vengeance, it does not fetch as much pleasure as the avenger would like to. The tale also makes an attempt to convince readers that death, is not necessarily a painful or even bitter experience to those who are dead or dying. This is symbolized by what sounds like Fortunato’s laughter when he finally realizes his fate. Poe also hints at the emptiness of revenge through Montresor’s description of his feeling as â€Å"sick† soon as he realized he had just killed Fortunato. The second part of Poe’s take is apparent when Montresor lures Fortunato underground, and gets him drunk. The third part of the tale on the other hand is reflected in the long journey that two take, only for Montresor to encourage Fortunato into r eaching â€Å"the extremity of the niche† (Poe 7), where he found iron staples hindering his progress further into the crypt. Here, Montresor chained Fortunato up, ready to avenge the perceived wrongs committed against him. His vengeance was only pleasurable for a short period, because Fortunato’s cry only lasted several minutes. At the end, Fortunato made fun of his tormentor, and upon his death Montresor admits that his â€Å"heart grew sick† (Poe 8).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Cask of Amontillado specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Poe, Edgar Allan. The Cask of Amontillado. Feedbooks, n.d. Web. This essay on The Cask of Amontillado was written and submitted by user Tyrese N. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. The Cask of Amontillado Introduction Edgar Allan Poe is perceived as one of the greatest authors and poets of all time. His works have elicited the need for analysis by various scholars and parties from the field of literature. His short story, â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†, portrays various stylistic approaches, thus necessitating an analysis to evaluate the writing style.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on The Cask of Amontillado specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† is a story involving horror due to Montresor’s vengeful motive upon Fortunato. Poe’s work on this piece of literature has been considered as one of the world’s perfect short stories. The narrative meets the qualities of a classic short story as theorized by Poe since it can be read in a single sitting. This paper will analyze the stylistic devices that Poe applies in the short story, â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†. Summary The story’s narrator, Montresor, opens up his revengeful motive towards Fortunato, his acquaintance, by claiming that he insulted him irreparably (Poe 1200). Montresor seeks to use Fortunato’s liking for wine in a bid to carry out his revenge in a way that curtails the risks of being identified. Montresor brings the idea of using Luchesi to taste Amontillado, but Fortunato suggests that he is not good enough for the task and regards him as a competitor as well. The two proceed towards Montresor’s burial vaults, which are exposed and filled with nitre. The nitre causes Fortunato to cough, and thus takes the wine to counter the effects even after being told by Montresor to go home. The two continue exploring the vaults that contain body remains of Montresor’s family members. Fortunato tries to see if Montresor is a true mason by making a hand movement, but the latter does not recognize and he justifies himself by showing him a tr owel implying a stonemason (Poe 1202).  Montresor tells an intoxicated Fortunato to access a small recess through a wall made of bones to get the Amontillado before trapping him. Fortunato starts squalling as the walls go up. The alcohol levels in his system drop as he starts moaning helplessly and later laughs at Montresor, who is not in the mood for jokes, as he continues piling the layers of the wall. Fortunato stops conversing with Montresor after making the final plea, â€Å"For the love of God, Montresor† (Poe 1204), but the latter continues to call his name twice. Montresor positions the final brick and plasters the walls before reassembling the bones on the fourth wall. Montresor says that the bones have not been disturbed for fifty years, and he makes a conclusion in Latin that translates to â€Å"May he rest in peace† (Poe 1205).Advertising Looking for critical writing on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Analysis Poe’s short story depicts a simple plot that portrays various aspects of his style in a compact way. Therefore, the analysis will explore the title, the use of irony, and other aspects writing and stylistic devices that Poe applies. The Title The title, â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†, sounds mysterious and it tends to elicit fright. â€Å"Amontillado† simply refers to an alcoholic beverage that is linked to sherry. The title seems to conceal the story’s subject since moat people are not familiar with the various types of liquor unless one is a wine connoisseur. On the other hand, â€Å"Casks† are used for the storage of alcoholic beverages. Montresor communicates that Fortunato possesses a â€Å"pipe of what passes for Amontillado† (Poe 1201). In this light, the â€Å"pipe† implies the â€Å"cask†, which could mean a â€Å"casket†. Poe uses the title to conceal and reveal the horrific nat ure of the story artistically as depicted by Fortunato’s ambitions of finding the Cask of Amontillado only to discover his death casket. Additionally, Amontillado has different meanings to Montresor and Fortunato. To Fortunato, Amontillado represents pleasance and delectation, while Montresor uses it for the pursuit of his vengeful mission. The use of irony Poe uses three types of irony in the story as a literary tool that facilitates the readers’ understanding of the friendship that exists between Montresor and Fortunato. He uses situational, dramatic, and verbal irony throughout the story to make it intriguing to the audience. In verbal irony, the speaker uses parables to imply the opposite meaning of what is being said. For instance, the name â€Å"Fortunato† implies good fortune, but it seems to be the contrary in this story. Fortunato turns out to be unfortunate as he is eventually trapped and killed by the revengeful Montresor. Verbal irony is also depicte d as Montresor leads Fortunato to the vaults. Montresor pretends to be caring about Fortunato’s health by noting, â€Å"We will go back; your health is precious†¦You are a man to be missed. For me, it is no matter. We will go back; you will be ill, and I cannot be responsible† (Poe 1203).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on The Cask of Amontillado specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Montresor’s intentions are the opposite since he intends to destroy Fortunato’s health by killing him. Fortunato proceeds deeper towards the vault as his coughs persist, but Montresor tells him that they will go back before it gets late and that his cough is nothing to worry about at the time. Going deep into the vaults means that Fortunato would meet his dark fate, which is signified by Amontillado. Fortunato’s source of pleasure turns out to be his painful ending as Montresor revenges on him.  Poe also uses dramatic irony in the story whereby he reveals some things to the audience, which are unknown to the characters. Fortunato’s dress code appears ironical as it depicts his eagerness to taste the rare alcoholic beverage. He posits, â€Å"The man wore motley. He had on a tight-fitting parti-striped dress, and his head was surmounted by the conical cap and bells† (Poe 1202). In this regard, Fortunato’s dressing mode symbolizes a fool that can be easily tricked into his death. Fortunato also says, â€Å"I will not die of a cough† (Poe 1202). Montresor affirming, â€Å"The cold is merely nothing† (Poe 1202). The readers know what is looming for Fortunato, but he is not aware of what may happen to him according to his enemy’s plans. Fortunato toasts bodies that had been buried in the catacombs without realizing his impending death (Poe 1203).  In situational irony, the opposite of the anticipated outcomes occurs. Poe utilize s this type of irony during the night of the carnival. He posits, â€Å"I had told them that I should not return until the morning and had given them explicit orders not to stir from the house. These orders were sufficient, I well knew, to insure their immediate disappearance, one, and all, as soon as my back was turned† (Poe 1203). This assertion implies that the Montresor wants his servants not to leave without him, which ensures that they would do the contrary. Another instance of situational irony is whereby the non-existent cask containing the Amontillado turns out to be the connoisseur’s casket. Fortunato ultimately discovers his coffin instead of the rare wine that he anticipates.  Montresor commits a premeditated murder of Fortunato, which is not punished legally after fifty years (Poe 1205). Therefore, it is ironical that Fortunato has been resting in peace as Montresor lives freely with impunity. The plot A good story should entail aspects of an initial con dition, the conflict, complication, climax, suspense, and the conclusion. Poe initiates the story by depicting the painful history between Montresor and Fortunato. Montresor claims, â€Å"Fortunato had hurt me in other ways a thousand times, and I had suffered in quiet† (Poe 1200) implying that there were personal differences that existed between them.Advertising Looking for critical writing on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fortunato also insults Montresor, thus causing him to vow for revenge. This section provides a good basis for the story’s initial situation. The conflict aspect of the story is comes out when Montresor posits, â€Å"I must punish him with impunity† (Poe 1201). This statement translates into his vengeful strategies that depict the conflict in the story. The story is not complicated and it might only confuse the reader on the aspects of Amontillado and Luchesi. The climax of the story stands out when Fortunato is chained in the catacomb as Montresor starts erecting the walls that would act as Fortunato’s casket. The suspense is created where Montresor positions and plasters the bricks for the tomb. The denouement of the story happens when Montresor places the final brick thereby ending the suspense that calls for the conclusion by writing, â€Å"In pace requiescat!† (Poe 1205). The Tone Montresor describes various events elegantly, which intrigues the reade r. For instance, Montresor describes the bones and human remains in a tone that does not evoke fear. He says, â€Å"We passed through a range of low arches, descended, passed on, and descending again, arrived at a deep crypt, in which the foulness of the air caused our flambeaux [torches – pronounced â€Å"flam-bow†] rather glow than flame† (Poe 1204). The Setting The story adopts a horrific and gothic setting. The setting of the story proceeds from freedom to confinement as Montresor kills Fortunato by confining him in a casket. The carnival aims at creating happiness and celebrating freedom, but it turns out to be the opposite for Fortunato. The dusk hours imply that something horrific is imminent as manifested by Montresor’s trap. The season is considered as a period of â€Å"supreme madness† (Poe 1203), and thus it evokes a feeling of uncertainty. However, the actual setting of the story is not specified, but events are perceived to take place in the European setting since the names of the characters like Fortunato and Luchesi have a European origin. Amontillado is a wine of Spanish origin whereas Montresor’s coat of arms originates from Scotland. Conclusion â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† is a perfect short story that depicts Poe’s stylistic features of his works. The title creates a concealed horrific topic that requires the readers’ interpretation of the â€Å"Cask† and â€Å"Amontillado†. Poe uses symbolism, irony, suspense, and horror to give the story a creative element as the setting flows from freedom to confinement. The plot used is simple as it initiates the issue between Montresor and Fortunato before proceeding to build up the conflict that climaxes at Montresor’s catacombs. Therefore, Poe depicts his exceptional writing skills in authoring the short story, thus making him one of the greatest writers and poets of all the time. Works Cited Poe, Edgar. â€Å"The C ask of Amontillado.† The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Eds. Nina Baym et al. New York: W.W. Norton Company, Inc., 2012. 1200-1205. Print. This critical writing on The Cask of Amontillado was written and submitted by user Kinsey Q. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Dont Hate the Authors Buy Book Reports Online and See the Light at the End of the Tunnel

Dont Hate the Authors Buy Book Reports Online and See the Light at the End of the Tunnel Dont Hate the Authors: Buy Book Reports Online and See the Light at the End of the Tunnel Have you been assigned to read one of the hard to decipher classics and then write a lengthy detailed book report demonstrating that you read and understood the themes, events and the author’s intention or style? If you begin to read the book and find it too far out of reach you might want to consider the fact that you can buy book reports online.   Why? There are many reasons to consider this option. Classics Teach about the Different and Subjective World of the Past The classics teach about a different from today ´s world that many younger readers know little about. It will be hard for someone who has little experience in life to grasp the themes and ideas behind the classics because they simply do not have the experience to relate to the book. It is challenging for one with limited life experience to appreciate the details and themes of the classics and it may be that they would gain more by reading the classics in maturity as opposed to youth. So, if you struggle with a task to read a â€Å"heavy† novel, think about book reports online. Forced Reading Causes Resentment towards Book Authors and Reading Itself It is indeed a good thing to read the classics as they can give you a perspective, shape your thinking and confirm things you have always suspected. The problem lies in the lack of choice given to students. We naturally resent anything we must do, regardless of the actual quality of the literature itself. It is akin to being forced to eat our vegetables when younger and growing to hate vegetables because of it. When we choose to read for enjoyment or curiosity we are able to relax and appreciate the literature at our own pace. Reading a Book While Never Fully Grasping It Is a Bad Use of Time With all of the other tasks and assignments students have, spending a disproportionate time on a book because it is hard to understand, and then not really gaining anything from reading, as it was likely rushed, is a bad use of time. The time is better spent on fruitful assignments the student will be able to use near term. If you are to really read a classic, really savor it, you must first have the capacity to do so. Second you must have the desire to engage in the activity. Third, you need to have the time, or make the time to fully dig into it, as classics are not light reading. They take time to digest, and you need to chew on them for a while to get the most from them.

All About Radicals in the Japanese Language

All About Radicals in the Japanese Language In written Japanese, a radical (bushu) is a common sub-element found in different kanji characters.  Kanji are the equivalent of letters in Arabic-based languages like English.   Japanese is written in a combination of three scripts: hiragana, katakana, and kanji. Kanji originated from Chinese characters, and the Japanese equivalents are based on ancient spoken Japanese. Hiragana and katakana developed from kanji to express Japanese syllables phonetically.   Most kanji are not used in everyday conversational Japanese, although its estimated that more than 50,000 kanji exist.  The Japanese Ministry of Education designated 2,136 characters as Joyo Kanji. They are the characters frequently used. Although it would be very helpful to learn all of Joyo Kanji, the basic 1,000 characters are sufficient to read about 90 percent  of the kanji used in a newspaper.   Radicals or Bushu and Kanji Technically speaking radicals are  graphemes, meaning theyre the graphical parts that make up each kanji character. In Japanese, these characters are derived from written Chinese kangxi radicals.  Every kanji is made of  a radical, and a radical itself can be a kanji. Radicals express the general nature of the kanji characters, and provide clues to the kanjis origin, group, meaning, or pronunciation. Many kanji dictionaries organize characters by their radicals. There are  214 radicals total, but its likely that even native Japanese speakers cant recognize and name them all. But for those new to the Japanese language, memorizing some of the important and frequently used radicals will be very helpful as you try to learn the meanings of many of the kanji.   When writing kanji, in addition to knowing the meanings of the different radicals in order to better understand the words they spell, its key to know a kanjis stroke count (the number of pen strokes used to make the kanji) and stroke order. Stroke count is also useful when using a kanji dictionary.  The most basic rule for stroke order is that kanji are written from top to bottom and from left to right. Here are some other basic rules. Radicals are roughly divided into seven groups (hen, tsukuri, kanmuri, ashi, tare, nyou, and kamae) by their positions. Common Radicals The hen are found at the left side of a kanji character. Here are common radicals that take the hen position and some sample kanji characters.   Ninben  (person)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tsuchihen  (earth)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Onnahen  (woman)  Ã‚  Gyouninben  (going man)Risshinben(heart)Tehen  (hand)  Kihen  (tree)Sanzui  (water)Hihen  (fire)Ushihen  (cow)ShimesuhenNogihen  (two branch tree)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Itohen  (thread)Gonben  (word)  Ã‚  Kanehen  (metal)  Ã‚  Kozatohen (time) The  common radicals that take thetsukuri and kanmuri  position are listed below.   Tsukuri Rittou  (sword)  Ã‚  Nobun  (folding chair)Akubi  (gap)Oogai  (page)  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kanmuri Ukanmuri  (crown)Takekanmuri  (bamboo)Kusakanmuri  (grass)Amekanmuri  (rain) And here is a look at common radicals that take the  ashi, tare, nyou and kamae position.   Ashi Hitoashi  (human legs)Kokoro  (heart)  Ã‚  Rekka  (fire)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tare Shikabane  (flag)  Ã‚  Madare  (dotted cliff)Yamaidare  (sick) Nyou Shinnyou  (road)  Ã‚  Ennyou  (long stride) Kamae Kunigamae(box)  Mongamae  (gate)

Philosophy - Feminism, Moralism, and pornography Essay

Philosophy - Feminism, Moralism, and pornography - Essay Example It is this attitude along with a lack of understanding about human sexuality (admittedly women’s too) that give birth to the new definition of pornography. Had she gained some knowledge about activities like tit torture as depicted in Kama Sutra, she would have thought twice before reaching such a new definition. While stressing on the sadistic attitude of the male-dominated society, it is painful to note the total ignorance the scholar shows towards the element of masochism inherent in women. The scholar is against pornography because of three major reasons. Firstly, it promotes violence against women. Secondly, it provides a totally wrong picture about female sexuality, and thirdly, it promotes male-centeredness (234). It seems that the work goes seriously defective in the fact that it does not give any attention to the impact of explicit sexual content on children. In other words, the scholar is of the opinion that as far as females are not tortured in the portrayal, the material does not have to be considered pornography. Here, she fails to acknowledge the fact that in order to arouse sexual feeling in people including the immature ones, it is not necessary to include bondage or torture. Thus by defining only sexual content with violence as pornography, Longino has provided a totally defective view of pornography. Also, the scholar is alarmed by the fact that pornography has secured its own place in the mainstream media. In the opinion of Longino, this overwhelming acceptance of pornography by the mainstream society and media shows the desire of the male-dominated society to subject females to such activities like rape, bondage, and torture for its own sexual gratification. That means the creation of a society where psychological and physical violence against women is accepted as part of the social culture (234). Admittedly, the scholar is rather unaware about the content of sadism in males as propounded by various thinkers including Freud and

Stateless Nation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Stateless Nation - Essay Example Statelessness has serious humanitarian results for the affected individuals (Blitz, p.116). It has been recorded in the research papers and reports that stateless persons face immense challenges in the course of their lives as stateless persons and until they acquire particular citizenship. Human rights accomplishment is one of the key challenges affecting such people. It should be acknowledged that there is a close link between fulfilment of global human rights and citizenship. For instance, when a non-governmental organisation takes up protection of Universal human rights without the acknowledgement of the state they become prone to human rights violations leading to inability to satisfy most of the domestic and political privileges. Every human being is entitled to recognition before the law, be equal before it, possess freedom of movement and association, as well as the right to participate wholly in the affairs of the state. It would be wrong to imagine that the stateless people are denied civil and political rights alone. In fact, social, fiscal and traditional privileges rank high in the list of unfulfilled list of rights for the stateless people. Such matters as the right to self-determination, working rights, education, registering of birth, social security just to mention a few are guaranteed with the citizenship and none of these is guaranteed when someone is stateless.

Sainsburys objectives Essay Example for Free

Sainsburys objectives Essay AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The company aim is to provide a world class service to customers by incorporating quality principles with our everyday routine. OBJECTIVES The companys objective is to discharge the responsibility as leaders in its trade by acting with complete integrity, by carrying out its work to the public good and to the quality of life in the community, to provide unrivalled value to its customers in the quality of the goods it sells, in the competitiveness of its prices and in the range of choice it offers. It aims in its stores, to achieve the highest standards of cleanliness and hygiene, efficiency of operation, convenience and customer service, and thereby create as attractive and friendly a shopping environment as possible and to offer its staff outstanding opportunities in terms of personal career development and in remuneration relative to other companies in the same market, practising always a concern for the welfare of every individual. The companys final objective is to generate sufficient profit to finance continual improvement and growth of the business whilst providing its shareholders with an excellent return on their investment. MARKETING AND SALES The company has a separate Marketing and Sales department and market research is used in the forms of market research staff using survey questionnaire in streets and in store, customer focus mornings where feed back can be gained, and questionnaires regarding current promotions e.g. Reward Card. The company hopes to present an image of high standard appealing to family groups and younger people and quality and value for money. The companys advertising strategy is through local TV and Radio, Local and National Strategies, Head Office planning branch and Marketing and Sales Manager Region e.g. Radio, TV, University, Freshers, Sponsorship Advertise by magazines, posters, instore demonstrations and customer led, evenings, mornings, suggestions, feedback, comments, book, school visits, community groups, talks to groups. The major influences on the price of the product are costs by the producer, competitors prices, regional pricing and select prices. The major markets are customers residing in the South Kirklees area. The main channels of distribution are contract distribution to supply products to store. Minority of goods delivered direct by suppliers. The main costs of distribution are transport and other related fixed costs depot vehicles and labour, fuel, consumables. The company is establishing closer links with suppliers by sharing vehicles. The major customers for the products are supermarket customers in South Kirklees. FINANCE The company leases the land and buildings, and the main items of capital equipment are plant machinery e.g. refrigeration, air conditioning, lighting and additional heating costs, checkout tills, display equipment shelves, trolleys, meat and bakery equipment, the fork lift truck, waste compactors, scissor lifts and computer and catering ovens. The company owns the company patent, trademark and products e.g. Classic Cola, Novon Washing Powder (65% of sales Sainsburys own brand) and its own magazine. The companys sources of finance are through ploughed back profit, shares, bank facilities, hire purchase/leasing and trade credit. Income is through profit and shares. Examples of fixed costs are capital equipment, contracted staff time, products and business rates for buildings. Examples of variable costs are energy heat, light, refrigeration, staff overtime and consumables e.g. staff clothing, paper stores, carrier bags. The company would like to invest in additional equipment and facilities for existing stores and updating others. This would provide better service and generate more sales. The cost of the investment would be variable and would be evaluated through a measured increase in turnover. The organisation has found recent trading conditions difficult because of strong competition in a small geographical area and competitive pricing e.g. special offers, introduction of a Reward Card customers and staff card, more advertising. PRODUCTION The products/services offered are a large supermarket, a wide range of food and non-food e.g. cd/video, books, pharmaceuticals, a cook shop, food includes:- bakery, meat, fish produce, dairy, frozen foods, tinned/packets, also a customer restaurant and a petrol station. The location of the company is in Huddersfield adjacent to the ring road opposite The University of Huddersfield and Oldgate House same side as Aspley Marina. Reasons why the organisation is located in Calderdale/Kirklees are to provide a service to customers within the geographical area and the suitable density of population. Reasons for this specific site are because of excellent road links for distribution and particularly customers, a good public transport system and land available for sale suitable for new store. The production process is split into Inputs, the Process and Outputs. The Inputs are goods and commodities are received from suppliers and received 24 hours a day. The Process is that when received, all items are counted manually and taken to the warehouse loaded on to special shelves. Information is recorded on the computer. Each department identifies goods needed. A list is made and items taken for display and sale in the shop. Department staff replenish the shelves when needed under close supervision and management in order to supply a high class service to customers. There is a customer self service and goods are taken to a checkout till for payment. There is an additional display and sales area inside the front entrance for cigarettes, books, newspapers and other small items. In addition a customer service desk is provided for customer contact. There is an adjoining restaurant for customers with the necessary preparation and sale of food. The Outputs are the provision of goods for sale in the store i.e. food and non food as well as a customer restaurant and petrol service station. HUMAN RESOURCES Human Resources Profile Total number455 Part time363 Full time92 Gender is mainly 25% Male and 75% Female, and a predominate number of staff are employed in checkout/replenishment of goods. Other staff include checkout, catering, administration, replenishes, warehouse, butchers, bakers, sales assistants. Staff Training The recruitment and selection procedures of the organisation are that internal recruitment is provided, they maintain a waiting list of speculative enquiries, they occasionally advise local press and they liaise with DSS re disabled staff. Training provided by the company includes Sainsburys own retail training scheme, NVQ level 1,2, NVQ level 4 for Trainee Managers, Assessors Awards for Department Managers, a regional co-ordinator, employment with training, plus operation skills training for in-house training. Methods used to motivate the workforce include the encouragement of employee commitment through involvement in decision making process. Also a Reward/Profit sharing scheme is used, as is a Pension scheme and additional voluntary contribution, a SAYE scheme, a Staff Association (national/local) and staff discounts. Employees have union representation through the following unions USDAW, T GW Union, a Recognition Agreement of no negotiation rights. Currently 13% of employees are in a union. MANAGEMENT, ADMINISTRATION AND COMMUNICATION Internal methods of communication are through senior management weekly meetings, store manager meetings, deputy manager meetings, department manager monthly meetings with staff, staff/management daily meetings, special additional meetings re initiatives, daily and weekly bulletins and through OASIS (E-Mail). External methods of communication are mail, phones, and through the Media TV, Radio and Press. Communications problems encountered and overcome have been continually ensuring communication of staff at all levels staff/customer upwards to management. The company has set up Staff Councils, elected regular Representatives of Staff and guaranteed Communicators who will inform a group of people. Developments in communication include Staff Councils. EXTERNAL FACTORS The consumers individual needs and expectations and the need to match customers needs to remain in business is one factor looked at. Another is the Governments Statutory legislation e.g. Health Safety, Hygiene, Employment, and Trading Standards. Local Authorities e.g. Planning Agreements, and Highway Authority are others. Competition from other superstores, regarding prime sites, maintaining the share of business, the effective change of products, the range and expansion into new initiatives are the big external factors in this trade.

The Rise and Fall of Shakespeares Lady Macbeth :: Macbeth essays

The Rise and Fall of Lady Macbeth         Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lady Macbeth's character is one of complexity;   slowly,   but continuously changing throughout the play.   What begins as a struggle for power and a longing to shred her femininity turns Lady Macbeth into what she fears most - a guilt ridden weakling.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the beginning ( I, v, 43-54) ,   we see Lady Macbeth reacting to the news of her husbands success and King Duncan's visit.   This ignites her lust for power.   In the quote â€Å"...unsex me here, /   And fill me from the crown to the toe top full/ Of direst cruelty!   make thick my   blood;.../ Come thick night,/   And pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell,/ That my keen knife see not the wound it makes,†Ã‚   Lady Macbeth talks of wanting all of the cold blooded aspects of â€Å" manliness† so she can kill King Duncan with no remorse - she sees herself   as having these qualities more than her husband,   and because of this,   in a sense, wishes to shed her womanhood.   We can see this ruthless nature more in depth in the quote â€Å"I would,   while it was smiling in my face,/   Have pluck'd my nipple from his boneless gums,/ and dash'd the brains out,   had I so sworn as you/ Have done to this† (I,vii,56-59)   She is obviously a very bitter female, frequently referring to her role as a woman,   both physically and emotionally in negative ways.   In the above quote,   Lady Macbeth is commenting on her husband's lack of gall,   stating,   that quite frankly,   she would make a better man than he.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although still a very strong woman,   we see the first signs of weakness in Lady's Macbeth's character in Act II,   Scene ii,   12-13.   She says,   â€Å"Had he not resembled/   My father as he slept,   I had done it.†Ã‚   She is giving an excuse for not killing Duncan herself.   As you can plainly see,   this is not the same Lady Macbeth that would bash a baby's brains in in the beginning of the play. Throughout the play,   Macbeth's character grows stronger as Lady Macbeth's will regresses.   It even gets to where Macbeth will not include his wife in his villianous schemes,   where at one time,   it was Lady Macbeth who was implementing these schemes in his head in the first place.   In a sense,   the two characters switch roles;   Lady Macbeth taking a backseat to her husband almost becoming wallpaper for the rest of the play.   The turning point for Lady Macbeth is when she learns of her husband's slaying of Macduff's family.

Barbara Baynton †Squeaker’s Mate Essay

The marginalisation of the female protagonist begins with the title of the story and stays true until the end. For the majority of the story she is referred to as â€Å"Squeaker’s Mate†, â€Å"she†, â€Å"her†, and â€Å"his mate†. When she becomes gravely injured the men of the small outback Australian settlement caution Squeaker against informing her the injury is permanent, because it might to damage to her feminine sensibilities. A page later and Squeaker says to his prostrate partner when she says she will be up soon to help around the home again: †Yer won’t. Yer back’s broke,’ said Squeaker laconically. That’s wot’s wrong er yer; injoory t’ th’ spine. Doctor says that means back’s broke, and yer won’t never walk no more. No good not t’ tell yer, cos I can’t be doin’ everything’. † The Australian brush, always harsh, was particularly dangerous during the late nineteenth century, when Barbara Baynton’s story, Squeaker’s Mate, is set, and doubly or triply so for the women. It was a hard life, and if you survived the first few years, you were aged before your time. Squeaker’s days are filled with building his home and staking his claim on the land, and his nights are a swill of brandy and cheap(er) liquor from the store. His mate – who provided themoney to set up the property – is a burden except when she is working, and when she works, she works hard. The accident, which leaves her crippled, is a tough economic blow. Squeaker compensates by hiring a woman to assist around the place, which is short-hand, for those times as well as (too often) our own, for securing a new â€Å"mate†. At first, this new woman – who remains, it is important to note, unnamed throughout the text – is a help, but she soon becomes a rival. Too soon for the original mate’s liking, who doesn’t care much for the new girl: She was not much to look at. Her red hair hung in an uncurled bang over her forehead, the lower part of her face had robbed the upper, and her figure evinced imminent motherhood, though it is doubtful if the barren woman, noting this, knew by by calculation the paternity was not Squeaker’s. She was not learned in these matters, though she understood all about a ewe and a lamb. Squeaker is an unpleasant fellow, clearly unintelligent, clearly imperceptive to his mate’s needs. He is the prototypical stoic male, calm and selfish in the face of another’s adversity. In a noteworthy paragraph immediately following his mate’s crippling, upon asking for her pipe to calm her nerves, Squeaker retrieves, fills, lights and puffs on his own pipe before attending to her, all while she lies bleeding and paralysed on the ground. Moments later, he is annoyed when she refrains from moving her (again, paralysed) arm from the fire when her sleeve catches alight. Squeaker’s mate’s name is Mary, which is itself a reductive name as it carries little individuality, and there’s no last name attached to it. Mary is like John or Bob, it’s a featureless name, imprecise in its characterisation. Externally, she remains indistinct, with neither her hair colour, her body shape, her fashion sense, her physical mannerisms, ever described. She is quite simply Squeaker’s mate, and deserves no more or less than that. Or does she? In the world Baynton is describing, this is exactly how she would have been perceived. Many woman during that period in that area were considered to be factories for producing babies, and on top of that they were machines for cleaning and cooking. They were not an equal companion, and there was little expectation that a man or a woman had much to share with one another. It was not uncommon, as an example, for the man to leave for days and even weeks at a time, herding sheep and chasing down livestock, or following the weather in search of jobs on other farms both near and far. A healthy woman could take this opportunity to become quite entrepreneurial with the family home, haggling over prices and selling the farm’s commodities at a good price. But a crippled mate was a serious liability, virtually useless, and it is not surprising when Squeaker neglects to call the doctor until his hand is forced. While the outer life of a woman in the brush was not much, their inner lives could be very great indeed. The journals of Fanny and Bessie Bussell, to take one of many examples, were an account of their lives during mid nineteenth century Western Australia, and reveal these women as funny, creative, clever, playful, anxious, forthright, honest and open. Their journals were for them conversations with family back home, a way to connect with people they love. For us, they are historical artefacts and useful for their account of rural life during that period, but they are something more, too – they are living documents, pulsing with freshness and energy, marvelling at the wonder of the strange new land to which they had arrived. Squeaker’s mate – Mary – may not have written any letters, but her thoughts as described by Baynton show her to be resourceful and tough, and astonishingly perceptive in regards to the emotions and motives of others. She is a strong woman, undaunted by her injury though naturally affected by it, and she is aware that her fate is grim should the new mate be accepted wholly by Squeaker. Mary does what she can to turn the situation to her advantage, with surprising, violent and elemental results. Squeaker’s Mate comes from, I will freely admit, a literary lineage of which I am not particularly fond. The dusty, dry, poverty-striken, dialect speaking, naturalistic nineteenth and early twentieth century literature is an anathema to my tastes, and is, for the most part, terribly unreadable today. Far from just being unfashionable many of these stories are impenetrable, relying too heavily on the expectation that the reader will fully grasp the physical realities of the story and relying on local colour and descriptions of animals and dirt to carry the story along. Squeaker’s Mate rises above the muck thanks to its incisive examination of the gender issues surrounding this tumultuous period of Australian history, when men were forging new paths into the nation, discovering resources and establishing cities and towns and women, equally responsible, equally culpable, equally capable, and equally proficient, were dragged thanklessly behind, forgotten too often, their stories lost, lives vanished.

Peasant Revolt DBQ

The peasant revolts in late 1524 were constructed by peasants, craftsmen, and poor soldiers. Although the cause of these peasant revolts were constant, there are several responses from the German states. Some German’s saw the attacks as too intense, others such as nobles viewed the revolts as devious, and others including the pastors and people with religious beliefs related the revolts to god’s will. The documents mostly overlooking the ruthlessness of the attacks came from Martin Luther and the Pastor.These documents depict a message that the revolts were extensive. Their responses to the revolts were both the same, almost like they were reflecting on the occurrences of the revolts as a summary rather than an opinion. The townsfolk were the peasant supporters, opening the gates and towers to the peasants to let them in. Being a rebel himself, Martin Luther, theologian, was able to relate and give a different point of view on the peasant revolts.Luther has more of a ne gative outlook towards the peasants, as he states that â€Å"(the peasants) violently took matters into their own hands. † The map given shows that most conflict was in the middle of Germany, ranging down towards Republic of Venice and South Germany. One other document that conveyed the message of the overall attack responses was the Decree of the Imperial Diet. It talked about the recap of the year, the â€Å"unchristian rebellion by subjects through southern Germany†, and other larger than life depictions of the revolts.The three documents written or directed towards the noblemen convey the noblemen response to the revolts. In the document in reply of Memmingen Town Council, we are able to see what the high authorities of the town had to say about the peasant revolts between 1524 and 1526. â€Å"The peasants shall pay us a reasonable amount of money. † This shows the cause of the peasant revolts, as there were duties being asked of the lower class, and they we re not able to follow up the requests, such as money.Lichtenstein, a noblemen, also reflects on the peasant revolts, saying how nobles joined the peasants because no help or consolation had been sent by the territorial prince. Lichtenstein, however, tells us how it was like to be a nobleman during this time: â€Å"I begged that the peasants should not force me to swear an oath of allegiance to them. † Von Henneberg reflects on the response to the revolts, and how the nobles attempted to ignore the revolt attempts. Peasant Revolt DBQ The peasant revolts in late 1524 were constructed by peasants, craftsmen, and poor soldiers. Although the cause of these peasant revolts were constant, there are several responses from the German states. Some German’s saw the attacks as too intense, others such as nobles viewed the revolts as devious, and others including the pastors and people with religious beliefs related the revolts to god’s will. The documents mostly overlooking the ruthlessness of the attacks came from Martin Luther and the Pastor.These documents depict a message that the revolts were extensive. Their responses to the revolts were both the same, almost like they were reflecting on the occurrences of the revolts as a summary rather than an opinion. The townsfolk were the peasant supporters, opening the gates and towers to the peasants to let them in. Being a rebel himself, Martin Luther, theologian, was able to relate and give a different point of view on the peasant revolts.Luther has more of a ne gative outlook towards the peasants, as he states that â€Å"(the peasants) violently took matters into their own hands. † The map given shows that most conflict was in the middle of Germany, ranging down towards Republic of Venice and South Germany. One other document that conveyed the message of the overall attack responses was the Decree of the Imperial Diet. It talked about the recap of the year, the â€Å"unchristian rebellion by subjects through southern Germany†, and other larger than life depictions of the revolts.The three documents written or directed towards the noblemen convey the noblemen response to the revolts. In the document in reply of Memmingen Town Council, we are able to see what the high authorities of the town had to say about the peasant revolts between 1524 and 1526. â€Å"The peasants shall pay us a reasonable amount of money. † This shows the cause of the peasant revolts, as there were duties being asked of the lower class, and they we re not able to follow up the requests, such as money.Lichtenstein, a noblemen, also reflects on the peasant revolts, saying how nobles joined the peasants because no help or consolation had been sent by the territorial prince. Lichtenstein, however, tells us how it was like to be a nobleman during this time: â€Å"I begged that the peasants should not force me to swear an oath of allegiance to them. † Von Henneberg reflects on the response to the revolts, and how the nobles attempted to ignore the revolt attempts.

Deep Earthquakes - Why They Happen

Deep Earthquakes - Why They Happen Deep earthquakes were discovered in the 1920s, but they remain a subject of contention today. The reason is simple: they arent supposed to happen. Yet they account for more than 20 percent of all earthquakes. Shallow earthquakes require solid rocks to occur, more specifically, cold, brittle rocks. Only these can store up elastic strain along a geologic fault, held in check by friction until the strain lets loose in a violent rupture. The Earth gets hotter by about 1 degree C with every 100 meters of depth on average. Combine that with high pressure underground and its clear that by about 50 kilometers down, on average the rocks should be too hot and squeezed too tight to crack and grind the way they do at the surface. Thus deep-focus quakes, those below 70 km, demand an explanation. Slabs and Deep Earthquakes Subduction gives us a way around this. As the lithospheric plates making up Earths outer shell interact, some are plunged downward into the underlying mantle. As they exit the plate-tectonic game they get a new name: slabs. At first, the slabs, rubbing against the overlying plate and bending under the stress, produce shallow-type subduction earthquakes. These are well explained. But as a slab goes deeper than 70 km, the shocks continue. Several factors are thought to help: The mantle is not homogeneous but rather is full of variety. Some parts remain brittle or cold for very long times. The cold slab can find something solid to push against, producing shallow-type quakes, quite a bit deeper than the averages suggest. Moreover, the bent slab may also unbend, repeating the deformation it felt earlier but in the opposite sense.Minerals in the slab begin to change under pressure. Metamorphosed basalt and gabbro in the slab changes to the blueschist mineral suite, which in turn changes into garnet-rich eclogite around 50 km depth. Water is released at each step in the process while the rocks become more compact and grow more brittle. This dehydration embrittlement strongly affects the stresses underground.Under growing pressure, serpentine minerals in the slab decompose into the minerals olivine and enstatite plus water. This is the reverse of the serpentine formation that happened when the plate was young. It is thought to be complete around 160 km depth.W ater can trigger localized melting in the slab. Melted rocks, like nearly all liquids, take up more space than solids, thus melting can break fractures even at great depths. Over a wide depth range averaging 410 km, olivine begins to change to a different crystal form identical to that of the mineral spinel. This is what mineralogists call a phase change rather than a chemical change; only the volume of the mineral is affected. Olivine-spinel changes again to a perovskite form at around 650 km. (These two depths mark the mantles transition zone.)Other notable phase changes include enstatite-to-ilmenite and garnet-to-perovskite at depths below 500 km. Thus there are plenty of candidates for the energy behind deep earthquakes at all depths between 70 and 700 km, perhaps too many. The roles of temperature and water are important at all depths as well, though not precisely known. As scientists say, the problem is still poorly constrained. Deep Earthquake Details There are a few more significant clues about deep-focus events. One is that the ruptures proceed very slowly, less than half the speed of shallow ruptures, and they seem to consist of patches or closely spaced subevents. Another is that they have few aftershocks, only one-tenth as many as shallow quakes do. They relieve more stress; that is, the stress drop is generally much larger for deep than shallow events. Until recently the consensus candidate for the energy of very deep quakes was the phase change from olivine to olivine-spinel, or transformational faulting. The idea was that little lenses of olivine-spinel would form, gradually expand and eventually connect in a sheet. Olivine-spinel is softer than olivine, therefore the stress would find an avenue of sudden release along those sheets. Layers of melted rock might form to lubricate the action, similar to superfaults in the lithosphere, the shock might trigger more transformational faulting, and the quake would slowly grow. Then the great Bolivia deep earthquake of 9 June 1994 occurred, a magnitude 8.3 event at a depth of 636 km. Many workers thought that to be too much energy for the transformational faulting model to account for. Other tests have failed to confirm the model. Not all agree. Since then, deep-earthquake specialists have been trying new ideas, refining old ones, and having a ball.

10 Pairs of Similar-Looking Near Antonyms

10 Pairs of Similar-Looking Near Antonyms 10 Pairs of Similar-Looking Near Antonyms 10 Pairs of Similar-Looking Near Antonyms By Mark Nichol Many pairs of words, often but not always etymologically related, can be easily confused for each other though they mean almost the opposite. Distinguish carefully between these odd couples: Contemptible: deserving of contempt, or despicable (â€Å"Their effort to suddenly kiss up to her once she inherited money was contemptible.†) Contemptuous: demonstrating contempt (â€Å"His contemptuous dismissal of the idea was inexcusably rude.†) (Both words stem from the Latin contemnere, â€Å"to despise.†) Flare: a signal light or a similar literal or figurative eruption (The shipwrecked sailor fired a signal flare to attract attention from the passing vessel.†) Flair: talent, or style (â€Å"He’s shown a remarkable flair for the craft.†) (Flare has uncertain origin, but it is not likely related to flair, from the Latin fragrare â€Å"odor.†) Gourmet: an expert on, or one who appreciates the nuances of, food or drink (â€Å"His reputation as a gourmet rests on his familiarity with all the best restaurants.†) Gourmand: a person enthusiastic about good food and drink; glutton (â€Å"My neighbor the gourmand has pretensions of being knowledgeable about wine.†) (Gourmet is from the French grommet, â€Å"boy servant,† perhaps itself based on English groom; gourmand derives from the Middle French gourmant. In French, gourmand remains a close synonym of gourmet, with no negative connotation.) Incredible: inspiring disbelief, extraordinary (â€Å"The fact that she had survived the ordeal was incredible.†) Incredulous: disbelieving (â€Å"I looked at him with a gaze of incredulous wonder.†) (Both words are from the antonym of the Latin credibilis, â€Å"credible.†) Mantel: a shelf or supporting structure above a fireplace (â€Å"She approached the fireplace and placed the candelabra on the marble mantel.†) Mantle: a literal or figurative cloak, covering, or layer (â€Å"A mantle of authority lay on the chieftain’s broad shoulders.†) (Both words derive from the Latin mantellum.) Material: matter, or components (â€Å"She brushed up against an object covered with soft material.†) Materiel: supplies and equipment, especially used by a specific organization (â€Å"The army found itself running low on materiel as its supply lines were cut.†) (Both words come from the French materiel.) Ordinance: order or law, or established usage (â€Å"The ordinance went into effect on January 1.†) Ordnance: artillery, or weapon-related military supplies (â€Å"The fort was equipped with enough ordnance to withstand several regiments.†) (Both words stem from the Latin ordinare, to put into order.†) Temerity: recklessness (â€Å"My assistant had the temerity to suggest that I didn’t know how to do my job!†) Timidity: lacking in courage or boldness (â€Å"Her timidity about approaching him resulted in another missed opportunity.†) (Temerity is from the Latin temere, â€Å"blindly†; timidity derives from the Latin timere, â€Å"fear.†) Troop: a military unit or similar group (â€Å"The outnumbered troop retreated in the face of overwhelming firepower.†) Troupe: a theatrical group or other collection of entertainers (â€Å"Stratford was often visited by traveling troupes of professional actors.†) (The first word is a variant of the second, a Middle French word meaning â€Å"company† and related to the Germanic thorp, â€Å"village,† which survives in English place names as spelled or, more often, as thorpe.) Venal: mercenary, corrupt (â€Å"His approach to business is purely venal.†) Venial: forgivable, excusable (â€Å"I consider envy a venial sin.†) (Venal derives from Latin the venum, â€Å"sale†; venial comes from the Latin venia, â€Å"pardon.†) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Handy Expressions About HandsHow to Punctuate Descriptions of ColorsContinue and "Continue on"

Differences in effectiveness of Humen Resource Management practices Essay

Differences in effectiveness of Humen Resource Management practices (HRM) in Saudi Arabia between local and multinational banks - Essay Example The two fold problem has been considered in this dissertation. First of all it has been identified that what are the main effective human resource practices with respect to banks in Saudi Arabia and in the other developing and developed countries. It is then considered that whether the human resource practices are more effective in international banks as compared with the local banks. The questionnaire method been used for data collection. Equal numbers of people from local and international banks in Saudi Arabia were asked the questions. Likert scale was used to devise the questionnaire. Job satisfaction was considered as proxy for effective human resource practices. The job satisfaction is a direct consequence of the phenomenon and it can be said that the HR is working effectively. So job satisfaction has been taken as a proxy for effective HR practices. SPSS was used for analyzing the responses. It has been found out that in the domain of recruitment and selection the main effecti ve HR practices are scientific recruitment methods and clear job analysis. In performance management the significant practices are quick and professional feedback. Effective training is also an effective HR practice. On the other hand it was found that the multinational banks have more effective HR practices than the local banks. ... Signature: Name: Mana Almana   Dated: 8/9/2010 Table of Contents Chapter 1. Introduction: 1 1.1 OVERVIEW: 1 1.2 Research Objectives 9 1.4 Research Chapters: 11 1.5 Summary 11 2.LITERATURE REVIEW 12 2.1.Selection and recruitment: 12 2.2. Performance Management: 19 2.3. Training and Development 25 2.4 Job satisfaction as proxy for HR effectiveness 34 Chapter 3. METHODOLOGY 30 3.1. Introduction 30 3.3. The Research Hypothesis 32 3.4. Data Sources and Collection Methods 34 3.5. Summary 44 Chapter 4: Data Analysis and findings: 44 Through SPSS 45 3.1 Recruitment & selection and HR effectiveness (as represented by job satisfaction) 41 3.2 Performance management and the HR effectiveness (as represented by job satisfaction) 56 3.3 Training and HR effectiveness (as represented by job satisfaction) 53 3.4 Performance of International banks and local Saudi Banks 57 Chapter Summary : 64 Chapter 5: Discussion 74 Chapter 6: Conclusion and Recommendations 76 References: 69 Appendix 1: Questionnai re 74 Chapter 1. Introduction: The first chapter is prepared to give an insight of the research problem discussed. It provides background information in overall structure and function of the Saudi banking sector. It then presents the literature review conducted to elucidate human resource management in general. Following up from the fundamentals the importance of this discipline is studied and explained with respect to the banking sector in particular. The study evaluates the significance of human resource management to this industry by comparing the theoretical grounds with the best practices. Finally the purpose of the research will be explained along with

Current international interest (anything really) Essay

Current international interest (anything really) - Essay Example Armed extortion is one of the ways of making a living in Somalia. Piracy today in Somalia is a highly profitable enterprise raking in millions of dollars through ransom. It is growing at an alarming rate. According to reports about 41 ships were attacked in 2007, more than 122 were attacked in 2008 and more than 100 in 2009. The situation is grim and has become a cause for worry with reports of connection between the pirates and Islamist extremists. Most of the pirates are from Puntland, situated in northeastern Somalia and their ages range from 20 to 35.According to The East African Seafarers Association there are about five pirate gangs consisting of about 1,000 armed men. The pirates are mainly local Somali fishermen who work for themselves and are known for their skill and knowledge of the sea. Some pirates are ex-militiamen who used to fight for the local warlords. What began as small acts of piracy on small and vulnerable ships has today reached alarming proportions. From 2008 Somali pirates have attacked ships much outside the Gulf of Aden. There has been an increase in the frequency and sophistication of the attacks. The size of vessels hijacked has also increased and today large cargo ships and international oil and chemical tankers have become the new targets for the Somali pirates. The economic success of the pirates has had negative effect on local residents. The presence of armed men makes the local residents feel insecure, and the lavish spending ways of the pirates has caused great fluctuations in the local exchange rate. There are also reports that some Islamist groups have used Somali Pirates to smuggle arms. US Navys Fifth Fleet and many other countries have deployed ships to patrol the coast of Somalia and the Gulf of Aden. Egypt along with Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Jordan and Sudan has formulated a joint strategy against piracy. But the size of the coast and the traffic of ships that goes past Somalia make it

Annotated Bibliography on the book Damned by Chuck Palahniuk

On the book Damned by Chuck Palahniuk - Annotated Bibliography Example The book has several chapters that include; Books by Chuck Palahniuk, Short Story Collection by Chuck Palahniuk, Novels by Chuck Palahniuk, Fight Club, Choke, Survivor, among others. This book represents a new and exciting lexis in sharing of human knowledge. Although the book is a collaboration that focuses on Novels and articles by Chuck Palahniuk, it is very comprehensive on any work done by Palahniuk. It gives the reader a clear outline of Palahniuk’s novel, ‘Dammed’ from the start to the end of with a systematic flow. It also points out the author’s artistic richness and key themes and character analysis. In this website, the author of the article ‘Chuck Palahniuk’s Damned: Damned if you do’ Justine Jordan comprehensively review the Palahniuk’s ‘Dammed’ giving a picture of how the novel flows and describing what could have been in the Palahniuk’s mind when he wrote the book. He prospers in explaining the novel’s flow in a systematic manner, describe and analyze characters and their corresponding traits and roles in the book. Above all, the author is quite effective in explaining the setting as it is in the novel- he does this in such a manner that his readers will be familiarized about the novel ‘Dammed’ as the readers of the original

Economic Impact Of Marijuana Legalization Economics Essay

Economic Impact Of Marijuana Legalization Economics Essay Drug dealers in America have mastered the concept of supply and demand. They have identified their target audience and are doing an incredible job at keeping competition down. They rapidly work towards a monopoly in their respective areas. They even keep ahead of the game by obtaining the best product at the lowest price before hiking up the price to potential buyers. They are running an underground gold mine and the government hasnt been getting a penny of the proceeds. In fact, the government and taxpayers spend between 20 and 25 billion dollars a year (Osler, 2012), on prosecuting dealers and incarcerating those who possess marijuana. But facts are facts and this is how America works. It may be for this reason that voters in Washington and Colorado decided to legalize marijuana. On November 7, 2012, state legislators in both Washington and Colorado passed an initiative and an amendment, respectively, to allow for the possession, distribution, and private recreational use of cannabis. From an economic perspective, there would be numerous benefits to legalizing marijuana. The states expect to see a rapid decline in arrests for marijuana possession, saving money from the reduced need for law enforcement for marijuana prohibition. This proves to potentially save Colorado alone an average of $40.1 million, (Stiffler, 2012), in costs associated with incarceration. Not only will the economic impact of legalization of marijuana help save the government on law enforcement expenses, but it will also encompass the possibility of large sums of revenue from the market supply and demand of the newly legalized product, generating an impressive profit from sales tax. As a new industry emerges within the workforce, desperately needed employment opportunities will arise across the country, stimulating the economy by initially providing 4,200 new jobs (Fottrell, 2012). It will also help upsurge our Gross Domestic Product (GDP), as more goods will be produced and retailed. The economic impact of the legalization of marijuana covers many aspects of the economy. In Mark Oslers U.S. Should Honor States New Pot Laws CNN.com, Osler discusses the conflict that arises from a state passing a law that contradicts a federal law. He examines the sides of both the proponents and opponents to the federal government cracking down on drug use in Colorado and Washington. Osler goes in depth about how the federalists support the States and want the government to leave them alone to govern their states how they choose, and how the moralists would like to see the federal government enforce the federal narcotics laws despite the voters decisions in the states. The article also analyses how harder drugs deliver a lesser punishment than more minor drugs and how drug laws in the past have done little to permanently curb drug use. Amendment 64 would produce $60 million in new revenue and savings for Colorado, by Christopher Stiffler, presents a systematic approach to how the government will benefit from the passing of the amendment. The article discusses the various ways that the legalization of marijuana will positively affect the economy and also describes in detail the how tax revenue will be generated and utilized to benefit Colorado. Stiffler also focuses on the details of the amendment itself and how a shift in governmental thinking can save millions of taxpayer dollars. Quentin Fottrells How to Invest in Legalized Marijuana, describes the rapidly growing market demand for marijuana and marijuana related products. He gives descriptions of several marijuana centered companies and offers his opinion on the direction of the economy. Fottrell also mentions how the marijuana market is spreading over to other industries and explains the benefits and pitfalls of investing in marijuana related stock. Unperturbed Puffery, by B.A., is an article that focuses on the likelihood of the Obama administration to enforce federal laws in Colorado and Washington. B.A. takes a strong stance on the issue and sides with the federalists who prefer a hands-off approach from the federal government. The articles examines the costs related to incarcerating people with marijuana related charges and concludes with mentioning how the government should have more important issues to tend to than marijuana possession. Mike Moffatts Would Marijuana Legalization Increase the Demand for Marijuana?, answers a readers question about the demand for marijuana if it becomes legal. Moffatt consults the experts to form an opinion on the issue. The experts seem to believe overall that demand will increase unless the price goes up too much, in which case it will stay the same. The article also mentions how the legalization of the drug may have the opposite effect because the allure of marijuana comes in part from the fact that it is illegal. Moffatt also looks at other countries experiences with the legalization of marijuana and concludes that legal or not, people will continue to use it. Should Governments Legalize and Tax Marijuana? by Mike Moffatt discusses the economics of drug dealers and compares their profits to potential profits that the government could make by legalizing marijuana. He breaks down the profit percentage from street sales and considers a shift from street profit to governmental tax revenues. Moffatt also considers the health of the consumers and educational benefits that can arise from the legalization of marijuana. C. Whitakers The Economic Effects of Legalizing Marijuana, takes a look at the business aspect of legalizing marijuana. The article discusses how the underground business can become legal and even how former underground drug dealers can get off welfare and become legal entrepreneurs. Whitaker also examines the economic impact of the marijuana and how a lowered price would allow for funds to be spent elsewhere in the economy. Whitaker claims in the article that the legalization of marijuana will help put an end to poverty by creating business opportunity for drug pushers and will also save money for prisons everywhere. As stated before, the economic impact of illegal marijuana comes at an expense to us all. This expense is obtained from the costs associated with cracking down on those who are buying and selling drugs, prosecuting them in the courts, and providing food and shelter for them in jail cells. According to Mark Osler, the amount that has gone towards these efforts has been between 20 and 25 billion dollars a year for the past decade (Osler, 2012). When breaking these figures down, it is revealed that, 12.4% of federal prisoners convicted on drug charges were locked up for marijuana offenses. Thats about 11,630 people, at an average cost of $25,500 to $26,000 per person per year (B.A., 2012). Multiplying these figures yields a result of more than 290 million spent annually on jailing inmates, at the federal level, who were caught with marijuana. In the grand scheme of things, this is quite a sum of money that could be allocated towards other things. A reporter for The Economist says that, Prosecuting people for marijuana offenses is a waste of resources (B.A., 2012). The reporters sentiment is understood based on the fact that, Four out of Five of the 1.64 million people arrested for drug violations were accused of possession, and half of those arrests were for carrying what were often very small amounts of marijuana (Osler, 2012). When comparing the effects of marijuana, a schedule 1 narcotic, and the effects of cocaine and opium, schedule 2 narcotics (less offensive), (Osler, 2012), it makes little sense that a substance that has no known scientific death toll, cancer causing side effects, or even evidence of being an addictive substance should cause so many people to be put behind bars at tax payers expense. This is one reason why voters have decided to make marijuana legal in Washington and Colorado. The expense of police in Colorado alone shows substantial potential governmental savings. According to Christopher Stiffler and Colorados direct budget costs for enforcing marijuana prohibition, $40.1 million is spent annually enforcing marijuana prohibition, (Stiffler, 2012). This is seen in the chart below, (Stiffler 2012). Colorados direct budget costs for enforcing marijuana prohibition Agency Total spending Percent spent enforcing prohibition Amount spent enforcing prohibition Police $82,676,491 4.41 $3,646,033 Judicial $340,243,578 7 $23,817,050 Corrections $634,934,029 2 $12,698,681 Total $40.1 million As explained on a state and national level, legalizing marijuana has a very positive effect on the police expense, potentially creating a notable amount of revenue from savings alone. Not only are expenses a detriment from illegal marijuana; but forgone profit is a negative effect as well. An economist named Stephen T. Easton conducted a study using data from Canada to calculate the amount of tax revenue that legalizing marijuana could bring to the government (Moffatt, 2012). The study showed that the average price of .5 grams of marijuana sold for $8.60 on the street with a production cost of only $1.70. (Moffatt, 2012) These figures would amount to a $6.90 profit for drug dealers. Any survivor of an ECON 5003 course would know that with a profit like this, competition would be intense. What keeps these drug dealers with a local monopoly is the fact that the possession and distribution of marijuana is illegal and subject to serious jail time. This risk factor is what keeps others from trying to get in on the action. This also keeps supply restricted and demand high for the product, leaving drug dealers with hefty profits at the expense of the government. Now that marijuana has been legalized, it is expected that the demand for marijuana will increase. With the risk factor gone, far more people will engage in recreational activities involving marijuana. Drug dealers will no longer make as much profit due to the fact that anyone can potentially sell marijuana. With a larger supply, the prices from the once exclusive drug market will drop drastically resulting in a price much closer to the cost of production. With marijuana being legal, there will be government run distributers who will, based on basic supply and demand modules, offer the drug at a much lower base price. However, because marijuana will be closely regulated much like tobacco and alcohol, the taxes from licensing and distribution will drive the total purchase price up and revenue will rival that of current day drug dealers. When transferring the profit once enjoyed by drug dealers to the U.S. government in the form of taxes and distribution costs, and leaving transportation and marketing issues behind, the government would end up with revenue of $7 per .5 grams of marijuana, (Moffatt, 2012) With the collection of tax on each marijuana cigarette and again leaving transportation and marketing issues behind, this adds up to over a $2 billion profit, (Moffatt, 2012). Without the legalization of marijuana, the street price of marijuana will stay the same because there is a very limited and risky to purchase supply. The distributors or drug dealers enjoy a relatively stable quantity demanded because of this unchanging price. Now that marijuana has been legalized, the demand will increase due to the fact that consumers no longer have a risk in purchasing marijuana. Looking at a supply demand curve, Figure 1 shows the effect that legalizing marijuana would have. With the demand curve increasing in order to stay with equilibrium, the price equilibrium would increase. Figure 1: Effect of Legalizing Marijuana Although legalizing marijuana has great potential of increasing tax revenue, a sense of morality is likely to appear due to the perceived negative effect of health throughout the population. With this in mind the government can either decrease consumption by raising taxes or increase it by dropping taxes. Figure 2 shows the effect if taxes are increased and consumption of marijuana is decreased. Figure 2: Increase in Marijuana Tax As shown by the graph, if marijuana taxes are increased, the supply curve would shift to the left. The quantity supplied would decrease from Q*1 to Q*2. This shift in supply changes the equilibrium from E1 to E2 and the price is increased from P*1 to P*2. Increasing taxes too much can have a negative effect because if taxes get too high marijuana growers will want to sell in the black market to avoid the high taxes. In addition to law enforcement expenses and forgone profit, another aspect that illegal marijuana hinders is the emergence of a new industry and job opportunities across America. With the legalization of marijuana comes a plethora of career options and job opportunities. Also, those who were previously victims of incarceration from the distribution of cannabis can now possibly start a legal profitable business. One such business that has already taken off is the medical marijuana industry. According to Quentin Fottrell from Market Watch, the medical marijuana industry is, estimated to be worth about $1.7 billion as of 2011, (Fottrell, 2012). In Colorado alone, sales topped $181 million in 2010, and the business employed 4,200 state-licensed workers, (Fottrell, 2012). The new marijuana industry spans from medical producers, to agricultural-equipment firms, dispensaries, vaporizers, and even edible goods. Producers are now able to ship the drugs out to the customers, as drug trafficking is no longer be illegal. This is one of the many ways new jobs are being created. The marijuana industry will also raise our Gross Domestic Product because it can be grown and sold here in the USA. According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Illicit drugs accounted for 1% of the worlds GDP, (Whitaker, 2009). One percent doesnt sound like much at all, but this 1% is higher than 88% of all countries GDPs in the world (Whitaker, 2009). People participating in the marijuana industry would not only have a stable source of income, but also a legal source that would be taxed. From the consumers perspective, the legalization of marijuana could mean lower prices. Since there will be countless ways for purchasing legal marijuana, more competition will arise which will result in decreased prices for the consumer. Consumers will no longer have to pay such a high price resulting in an increase in their available funds that they can invest, putting money directly back into the economy. The newly legalized marijuana market also creates investment opportunities. Medbox (OTN:MDBX) [has] an OTC stock with a $45 million market cap, (Fottrell, 2012). Medical Marijuana (OTN:MJNA), [has] an OTC stock with a $69 million market cap, (Fottrell, 2012). And Cannabis Science in Colorado Springs, Colo. (OTN;CBIS), [has] an OTC stock with a $41 million market cap, (Fottrell, 2012). These new investment opportunities encourage investors to feed into the economy and stimulate the free market. As old products are losing ground, this new market is rapidly gaining appeal and helping the economy every step of the way. In conclusion, the legalization of marijuana brings up an interesting opportunity for the government.   If they become the suppliers of the good, they can produce on the true supply or marginal cost curve and then replace the cost of arresting and fighting dealers with marijuana revenue. A great deal of tax payer money goes into catching those who buy or sell illegal drugs on the black market, prosecuting them in court, and housing them in jail. These costs seem particularly exorbitant when dealing with the drug marijuana, as it is widely used, and is likely no more harmful than currently legal drugs such as tobacco and alcohol. When looking at marijuanas effect on the economy as a whole, the positive and lucrative impact cannot be ignored. From the creation of new job opportunities, to the abundant new supply of revenue, and even the savings incurred from removing prohibition, it is clear that the economic impact created by the legalization of marijuana is beneficial to us all.